Kali ini pokok bahasan kita adalah tentang Passive Voice.
Sulit? Mungkin itu yang ada di benak para pelajar bahasa Inggris. Saya coba
bahas disini untuk memudahkan penyusunan kaimatnya, namun coba simak dulu
contoh berikut :
Kalimat Aktif :
Saya memakan nasi.
Kalimat Pasif :
Nasi dimakan saya.
Dari contoh diatas, bisa kita pahami bahwa kalimat pasif
dibentuk dari kalimat aktif dengan cara :
1.
Memindahkan subyek kalimat aktif ( saya )
menempati posisi obyek kalimat pasif
2.
Memindahkan obyek kalimat aktif ( nasi )
menempati posisi subyek kalimat pasif
3.
Merubah kata kerja “memakan” pada kalimat aktif
menjadi “dimakan” pada kalimat pasif.
Sekarang perhatikan dalam kalimat bahasa Inggrisnya :
Active Voice : I
ea rice
Passive Voice :
Rice is eaten by me
Penjelasannya :
1.
Kalimat pasif / Passive Voice selalu menggunakan
tobe ( dalam contoh diatas adalah “ is” )
2.
Kalimat pasif / Passive Voise selalau
menggunakan kata kerja bentuk 3 ( dalam contoh diatas adalah “eaten” yang
merupakan bentuk ketiga dari “eat”).
3.
Jadi rumus intinya adalah : Tobe + Verb 3
4.
Kata “by” bisa diartikan “oleh” yang dalam
bahasa Indonesia terkadang tidak disebutkan seperti pada : “Nasi dimakan saya”, seharusnya “Nasi
dimakan oleh saya”.
Biasanya yang membuat siswa bingung adalah menentukan tobe
dan kata kerja bentuk 3. Berikut saya paparkan bentuk tobe yang dipakai untuk
masing-masing tense sedang kata kerja bentuk tiga dapat anda tanyakan kepada
guru anda masing-masing.
Daftar penggunaan tobe pada kalimat pasif
No
|
Nama Tense
|
Tobe
|
Verb
|
1
|
Present Simple
|
Am, is, are
|
Verb 3
|
2
|
Present Continuous
|
Am, is, are
|
being + verb 3
|
3
|
Present Perfect Simple
|
Have, has
|
Been + verb 3
|
4
|
Present Perfect Continuous
|
Have, has
|
Been + being + verb 3
|
5
|
Past Simple
|
Was, were
|
Verb 3
|
6
|
Past Continuous
|
Was, were
|
being + verb 3
|
7
|
Past Perfect Simple
|
Had
|
Been + verb 3
|
8
|
Past Perfect Continuous
|
Had
|
Been + being + verb 3
|
9
|
Future Simple
|
Will be
|
Verb 3
|
10
|
Future Continuous
|
Will be
|
being + verb 3
|
11
|
Future Perfect
|
Will have
|
Been + verb 3
|
12
|
Future Perfect Continuous
|
Will have
|
Been + being + verb 3
|
13
|
Past Future
|
Would be
|
Verb 3
|
14
|
Past Future Continuous
|
Would be
|
being + verb 3
|
15
|
Pas Future Perfect Simple
|
Would have
|
Been + verb 3
|
16
|
Past Future Perfect Continuous
|
Would have
|
Been + being + verb 3
|
Berdasarkan daftar tersebut maka contoh pertama diatas bisa
kita rincikan berdasarkan tense-nya masing-masing menjadi sebagai berikut :
1
|
Present Simple
|
Rice is eaten by me
|
2
|
Present Continuous
|
Rice is being eaten by me
|
3
|
Present Perfect Simple
|
Rice has been eaten by me
|
4
|
Present Perfect Continuous
|
Rice has been being eaten by me
|
5
|
Past Simple
|
Rice was eaten by me
|
6
|
Past Continuous
|
Rice was being eaten by me
|
7
|
Past Perfect Simple
|
Rice had bee eaten by me
|
8
|
Past Perfect Continuous
|
Rice had been being eaten by me
|
9
|
Future Simple
|
Rice will eaten by me
|
10
|
Future Continuous
|
Rice will be being eaten by me
|
11
|
Future Perfect
|
Rice will have been eaten by me
|
12
|
Future Perfect Continuous
|
Rice will have been being eaten by me
|
13
|
Past Future
|
Rice would be eaten by me
|
14
|
Past Future Continuous
|
Rice would be being eaten by me
|
15
|
Pas Future Perfect Simple
|
Rice would have been eaten by me
|
16
|
Past Future Perfect Continuous
|
Rice woud have been being eaten by me
|
Sekarang coba ubah kalimat aktif di bawah ini menjadi
kalimat pasif :
1.
Mr. Bean watched movie
2.
She is sending him an email
3.
You and I visit our grandmother
( perhatikan jenis tense yang dipakai )
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